Often people complain of cracks on walls after plastering
works. Plastering plays an important role in the construction of a building.
Just as skin gives shape and texture to the body and protects it from the
harmful environment, plaster protects the building from damage caused by salts,
acid and rain in the external environment. It also makes the building lookbeautiful and attractive.
One of the reasons cited for cracks is lack of proper cement
sand ratio. Normally, for outside plaster, the cement-sand ratio can be from
1:4 to 1:5, for internal plaster from 1:5 to 1:6 and for roof plaster from 1:3
to 1:4.
For better results, check that the mason uses a 1:4 rations
mortar of cement and fine sand. For coarse sand, the ratio can be changed to 1:6.
However 1:4 mixes is preferred for best results. Make sure that the mason has notprepared the mix all together for the whole day. The mix must be prepared only
in small quantities so that it is used within an hour. If excess mortar is
prepared, it dries up due to evaporation and remixing deteriorates strength and
increases porosity.
The risk of crazing cracks may be minimized by the use of relatively
weak mix for finishing coat, avoiding excessive proportion of very fine
material in the finish coat and avoiding excessive toweling so as to prevent
the excess of laitance drawing to the surface. A major precautionary measure tobe under- taken prior to plastering is remove loose mortar and grease from joints.
All joints in the masonry should be raked out to a depth of a least 12 mm with
a hooked tool made for the purpose while the mortar is still green and not later
than 48 hours of the time of laying. Another important task is that the wall
should be wetted for a few hours. The walls should not be soaked but only
dampened evenly. Plastering on wet walls is seldom satisfactory because key is
not formed between the plaster and the background surface. A good key is
essential for successful rendering and for avoiding cracking and crazing. In an
ideal state the background should be in saturated surface dry condition.
Addition of water should be carefully monitored. Excess
water will cause shrinkage as well as low strength of plaster. Waterproofcompounds if used should be uniformly dispersed and mixed properly.
When plastering is done in two coats, the first coat should
be left rough and open from edge of the laying trowel and after it has been left
long enough to set firm, the surface should be combed or scratched to form a
key for the second coat. The first coat should be allowed to dry for three tofive days before subsequent coats are applied.
Use a chicken wire mesh while plastering joints between the
concrete work and brick-work. Plaster should be finished with a wood felt. A
steel trowel shall not be used. Ensure continuous curing for 10 to 14 days. Youmay keep in mind that the need for repairs arises due to negligence, use ofunsuitable materials and improper construction practices. Therefore, to save
your buildings from cracking adopt proper construction practices.
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Description:
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